app(app(plus, 0), y) → y
app(app(plus, app(s, x)), y) → app(s, app(app(plus, x), y))
app(app(times, 0), y) → 0
app(app(times, app(s, x)), y) → app(app(plus, app(app(times, x), y)), y)
app(app(app(comp, f), g), x) → app(f, app(g, x))
app(twice, f) → app(app(comp, f), f)