Termination w.r.t. Q of the given QTRS could be proven:

(0) Obligation:

Q restricted rewrite system:
The TRS R consists of the following rules:

D(t) → 1
D(constant) → 0
D(+(x, y)) → +(D(x), D(y))
D(*(x, y)) → +(*(y, D(x)), *(x, D(y)))
D(-(x, y)) → -(D(x), D(y))
D(minus(x)) → minus(D(x))
D(div(x, y)) → -(div(D(x), y), div(*(x, D(y)), pow(y, 2)))
D(ln(x)) → div(D(x), x)
D(pow(x, y)) → +(*(*(y, pow(x, -(y, 1))), D(x)), *(*(pow(x, y), ln(x)), D(y)))

Q is empty.

(1) QTRSRRRProof (EQUIVALENT transformation)

Used ordering:
Lexicographic path order with status [LPO].
Quasi-Precedence:

D₁ > 0 > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]
D₁ > +₂ > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]
D₁ > minus₁ > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]
D₁ > div₂ > *₂ > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]
D₁ > div₂ > -₂ > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]
constant > 0 > [t, 1, pow₂, 2, ln₁]

Status:

D₁: [1]
t: []
1: []
constant: []
0: []
+₂: [2,1]
*₂: [1,2]
-₂: [1,2]
minus₁: [1]
div₂: [2,1]
pow₂: [1,2]
2: []
ln₁: [1]

With this ordering the following rules can be removed by the rule removal processor [LPAR04] because they are oriented strictly:

D(t) → 1
D(constant) → 0
D(+(x, y)) → +(D(x), D(y))
D(*(x, y)) → +(*(y, D(x)), *(x, D(y)))
D(-(x, y)) → -(D(x), D(y))
D(minus(x)) → minus(D(x))
D(div(x, y)) → -(div(D(x), y), div(*(x, D(y)), pow(y, 2)))
D(ln(x)) → div(D(x), x)
D(pow(x, y)) → +(*(*(y, pow(x, -(y, 1))), D(x)), *(*(pow(x, y), ln(x)), D(y)))

(2) Obligation:

Q restricted rewrite system:
R is empty.
Q is empty.

(3) RisEmptyProof (EQUIVALENT transformation)

The TRS R is empty. Hence, termination is trivially proven.

(4) TRUE